Signal clear arity errors for wrong-arity parameterized-layer calls

Multi-argument parameterized layers silently mis-handled every
wrong-arity call:
- Missing args: cl-progv (since its Emacs 27 rewrite) binds
  parameters beyond the supplied values to nil, never leaving them
  unbound, so (tp-set "s" '(two-arg-layer "red")) quietly produced
  (:foreground "red" :background nil) - while the docstring of
  tp-layer-props-with-args falsely promised an unbound-variable
  error.
- Excess flat-form args fell into extra-props and were applied as
  garbage text-property KEYS with value nil ("green" as a property
  name).
- The stack path (tp-push-layer with one arg for a two-parameter
  layer) fell through tp--normalize-layer-spec's named-inline branch,
  building an odd-length plist and dying with the cryptic "Odd length
  text property list".

Fixes, per site:
- tp-layer-props-with-args checks (length args) against the arglist
  and signals "tp layer NAME takes N argument(s), got M"; its
  docstring now documents the explicit error instead of the
  impossible unbound-parameter story.  Extra values remain ignored
  in this direct call, per the documented contract.
- tp--resolve-props signals the same error after the arity split when
  fewer values were available (covering parameterized groups too),
  and rejects flat-form excess positional args whose first extra
  element is not a symbol (i.e. can never be a property key).
- tp--normalize-layer-spec signals "tp layer NAME expects N args,
  got M" for any parameterized-layer arity mismatch instead of
  falling through to the named-inline branch.

Correct-arity flat, wrapped, extra-props and group behavior is
unchanged (covered by controls in the new tests, which port the
review's verify-arg1 probe).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

tp-layer-tests.el

@@ -573,5 +573,89 @@
     (should-error (tp-describe-layer 'tp-layer-test-missing)
                   :type 'user-error)))
 
+;;; ARG-1: wrong-arity parameterized-layer calls signal clear errors
+
+(defmacro tp-layer-tests--with-colors (&rest body)
+  "Run BODY with the two-parameter test layer tp-lt-colors defined."
+  (declare (indent 0))
+  `(tp-layer-tests--with-clean
+     (define-tp tp-lt-colors (fg bg)
+       `(face (:foreground ,fg :background ,bg)))
+     ,@body))
+
+(ert-deftest tp-layer-test-props-with-args-missing-arg-errors ()
+  "tp-layer-props-with-args signals on fewer args than parameters.
+Since Emacs 27 `cl-progv' silently binds missing parameters to nil,
+so the old docstring's promised unbound-variable error could never
+fire; the arity is now checked explicitly (ARG-1)."
+  (tp-layer-tests--with-colors
+    (let ((err (should-error
+                (tp-layer-props-with-args 'tp-lt-colors '("red")))))
+      ;; Parens are literal in Emacs regexps.
+      (should (string-match-p "takes 2 argument(s), got 1" (cadr err))))
+    ;; Correct arity still works.
+    (should (equal (tp-layer-props-with-args 'tp-lt-colors
+                                             '("red" "blue"))
+                   '(face (:foreground "red" :background "blue"))))
+    ;; Extra values are still ignored, per the documented contract.
+    (should (equal (tp-layer-props-with-args 'tp-lt-colors
+                                             '("red" "blue" "green"))
+                   '(face (:foreground "red" :background "blue"))))))
+
+(ert-deftest tp-layer-test-tp-set-flat-missing-arg-errors ()
+  "The flat tp-set form with too few layer args signals, not nil-binds.
+Before ARG-1, (tp-set \"s\" \\='(layer \"red\")) on a two-parameter
+layer silently produced (:foreground \"red\" :background nil)."
+  (tp-layer-tests--with-colors
+    (should-error (tp-set "s" '(tp-lt-colors "red")))))
+
+(ert-deftest tp-layer-test-tp-set-flat-excess-arg-errors ()
+  "Flat-form excess positional args signal instead of corrupting props.
+Before ARG-1, the excess string fell into extra-props and was applied
+as a text-property KEY with value nil."
+  (tp-layer-tests--with-colors
+    (let ((err (should-error
+                (tp-set "gg" '(tp-lt-colors "red" "blue" "green")))))
+      (should (string-match-p "excess argument" (cadr err))))
+    ;; Correct-arity flat form is unchanged.
+    (should (equal (text-properties-at
+                    0 (tp-set "ok" '(tp-lt-colors "red" "blue")))
+                   '(face (:foreground "red" :background "blue"))))
+    ;; Legitimate extra PROPS after the args still work.
+    (should (equal (plist-get
+                    (text-properties-at
+                     0 (tp-set "ok" '(tp-lt-colors "red" "blue"
+                                                   help-echo "tip")))
+                    'help-echo)
+                   "tip"))
+    ;; The wrapped-args form with extra props is untouched as well.
+    (should (equal (plist-get
+                    (text-properties-at
+                     0 (tp-set "ok" '(tp-lt-colors ("red" "blue")
+                                                   help-echo "tip")))
+                    'help-echo)
+                   "tip"))))
+
+(ert-deftest tp-layer-test-stack-path-wrong-arity-clear-error ()
+  "The stack path signals a clear arity error, not \"Odd length ...\".
+Before ARG-1, (tp-push-layer s \\='(layer \"red\")) fell through
+tp--normalize-layer-spec's named-inline branch, producing the odd
+plist (\"red\" tp-name layer) and the cryptic error \"Odd length
+text property list\"."
+  (tp-layer-tests--with-colors
+    (let ((err (should-error
+                (tp-push-layer (copy-sequence "st")
+                               '(tp-lt-colors "red")))))
+      (should (string-match-p "expects 2 args, got 1" (cadr err))))
+    (let ((err (should-error
+                (tp--normalize-layer-spec '(tp-lt-colors "red")))))
+      (should (string-match-p "expects 2 args, got 1" (cadr err))))
+    ;; Correct arity through the stack path is unchanged.
+    (let ((s (copy-sequence "st")))
+      (tp-push-layer s '(tp-lt-colors "red" "blue"))
+      (should (equal (text-properties-at 0 s)
+                     '(face (:foreground "red" :background "blue")
+                       tp-name tp-lt-colors))))))
+
 (provide 'tp-layer-tests)
 ;;; tp-layer-tests.el ends here

tp-layer.el

@@ -879,8 +879,10 @@ two-parameter layer."
   "Return properties for parameterized layer LAYER-NAME with ARGS.
 ARGS is a list of argument values bound positionally (via `cl-progv',
 so dynamically) to the layer's parameters while the stored body form
-is evaluated.  Extra values are ignored; missing ones leave their
-parameter unbound, which signals an error if the body refers to it.
+is evaluated.  Extra values are ignored; passing fewer values than
+the layer has parameters signals a wrong-arity error (since Emacs 27
+`cl-progv' silently binds missing parameters to nil, so the arity is
+checked explicitly here).
 If INCLUDE-TP-NAME is non-nil, appends `tp-name' property to identify
 the layer.
 Recursively expands any nested layer names in the returned plist.
@@ -895,6 +897,9 @@ Returns nil when LAYER-NAME is not a parameterized layer."
     (let* ((entry (cdr (assoc layer-name tp-layer-alist)))
            (arglist (car entry))
            (body (cadr entry)))
+      (when (< (length args) (length arglist))
+        (error "tp layer %s takes %d argument(s), got %d"
+               layer-name (length arglist) (length args)))
       (tp--check-layer-cycle layer-name)
       (let* ((tp--layer-expansion-stack
               (cons layer-name tp--layer-expansion-stack))
@@ -1234,6 +1239,22 @@ For group names, includes `tp-layers' property with the full layer stack."
                                 (cddr props)
                               (tp--strip-trailing-plist-nil
                                (-drop arity (cdr props)))))
+               ;; ARG-1: wrong-arity parameterized calls must signal
+               ;; clearly instead of nil-binding missing parameters or
+               ;; applying excess positional args as garbage property
+               ;; keys.
+               (kind (cond ((tp-layer-parameterized-p first-elem) "layer")
+                           ((tp-group-parameterized-p first-elem) "group")))
+               (_arity-check
+                (when kind
+                  (when (< (length args) arity)
+                    (error "tp %s %s takes %d argument(s), got %d"
+                           kind first-elem arity (length args)))
+                  (when (and (not wrapped-args)
+                             extra-props
+                             (not (symbolp (car extra-props))))
+                    (error "tp %s %s takes %d argument(s); excess argument %S is not a property key"
+                           kind first-elem arity (car extra-props)))))
                (layer-props
                 (cond
                  ;; Parameterized layer - evaluate with the argument(s)
@@ -1439,6 +1460,13 @@ LAYER-SPEC can be:
         (or (tp-layer-props-with-args name rest t)  ; include tp-name
             (error "Failed to resolve parameterized layer %S with args %S"
                    name rest)))
+       ;; ARG-1: a parameterized layer with the wrong number of
+       ;; arguments must not fall through to the named-inline branch,
+       ;; which would build an odd-length plist and die with the
+       ;; cryptic "Odd length text property list".
+       ((tp-layer-parameterized-p name)
+        (error "tp layer %s expects %d args, got %d"
+               name (length (tp-layer-arglist name)) (length rest)))
        ;; Named inline layer: (NAME &rest PLIST)
        (rest
         (append rest (list 'tp-name name)))